• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    "method of estimating fluid flow rate with a flow meter". The present invention relates to a polyphase flow that is estimated in a flow meter by measuring the fluid pressure within the flow meter and using the measured pressure to calculate a flow density. The total flow rate through the flow meter is estimated based on the calculated density and a pvt analysis of the fluid. The corrected total mass flow rate is calculated using a liquid / gas runoff correction technique. Fluid flow rates are further corrected with a discharge coefficient that varies with changes in the reynolds number of the fluid. Gas and oil fractions can be determined from the corrected total mass flow rate and gas fraction.
    公开号:BR112012003282B1
    申请号:R112012003282-8
    申请日:2010-08-13
    公开日:2019-04-02
    发明作者:Joo Tim Ong
    申请人:Baker Hughes Incorporated.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Descriptive Report of the Invention Patent for METHOD OF ESTIMATING THE FLOW FLOW RATE WITH A FLOWMETER.
    RELATED REQUESTS
    This claim claims priority for and benefit from US Provisional Order No. 61 / 233,711, filed on August 13, 2009 and US Non-Provisional Order No. 12 / 851,322, filed on August 5, 2010, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference here.
    Field of invention
    This invention relates in general to the production of fluid in the well bore and more specifically to a method of measuring the flow of polyphasic fluid using a flow meter.
    Background of the invention
    Flow meters are often used to measure the flow of fluid produced from a borehole in the hydrocarbon production well. The flow meter can be arranged inside the well inside a production well bore, a bridge or pipe used in conjunction with an underwater well bore, or a production transmission line used in the distribution of the produced fluids. Monitoring the fluid produced from a well bore is useful in assessing the well bore and for projecting the well production duration. In some cases, transmission lines may include fluid produced from wells having different owners. Therefore, proper accounting requires a flow measurement device that monitors the contribution of each owner's flow.
    The fluid produced can include water and / or gas mixed with the liquid hydrocarbon. Knowledge of the water fraction is desirable to ensure that adequate means are available to separate water from the fluid produced. In addition, the quantity and presence of the gas is another indicator of the performance of the well bore, and the flow of the steam mass impacts the transmission requirements. Flowmeters can be used that provide information on the total flow, the amountPetition 870190008123, of 25/01/2019, p. 5/11
    2/16 cut water and gas fractions. However, these often require periodic analysis of the fluid entering the flow meter. This may involve having a sample probe upstream of the flow meter; which can produce inaccuracy and can interrupt or temporarily stop fluid production.
    Summary of the invention
    A method of estimating fluid flow using a flow meter is disclosed here. In an exemplary embodiment, the method includes flowing the fluid through the flow meter and using pressure readings in the flow meter 10 to estimate the mass density of the flow current. The respective amounts of flow of gas and liquid in the flow stream can be determined based on the estimate of the mass density and properties of the fluid that makes up the flow stream. The flow meter can have an excessive reading error due to the slip between the gas and the liquid, the excessive reading error can be found based on the amounts of gas and liquid flow and fluid properties that make up the flow current. Using the over-reading error, the amounts of gas and liquid flow are recalculated using the estimated over-reading error. The additional recalculation of the gas and liquid flow occurs using a discharge coefficient based on the recalculation of the flows using the over-reading error. The PVT analysis can be done using the fluid sampled from the flow current that is analyzed to derive the properties of the fluid that makes up the flow current for a pressure and temperature range based on the analysis. Alternatively, a mass flow rate of the flow stream can be found based on the estimate of the mass density and properties of the fluid that makes up the flow stream. The mass flow rate of the flow stream can be recalculated based on the new gas and liquid flow estimates. In an exemplary embodiment, a Reynolds number is calculated for the recalculated gas and liquid flows that are used to determine the discharge coefficient. In an alternative, the gas flow estimated at 3/16 is based on the discharge coefficient and the excessive reading error when the gas volume fraction is greater than 50%, and the gas flow again estimated is based on the coefficient discharge when the gas volume fraction is less than or equal to 50%. In one example, the flow meter is arranged in a tubular in the well bore and the flow current exits the flow meter into the tubular and is transported to a wellhead on the surface. Optionally, the method may include estimating the amount of phase change from liquid to gas in the flow current between the flow meter and the wellhead based on the property of the fluid that makes up the flow current. In an alternative example, * the respective rates of gas flow and liquid flow in the flow stream are found at the wellhead based on the amount of phase change from liquid to gas. The flow meter can be a venturi type flow meter.
    In an alternative embodiment, a method of estimating the flow of polyphasic fluid through a flow meter is provided here which includes sampling the fluid from a well bore and conducting a PVT analysis of the sampled fluid. A flow meter is provided in the well bore, so that the fluid from the well bore flows through the flow meter and the pressure of the fluid in the flow meter is measured at different elevations in the flow meter. Based on the pressure measurements on the flow meter, the density of the fluid in the well bore is estimated and used to calculate a flow through the flow meter. The calculated flow is compensated for the excessive reading on the flow meter by estimating a new flow rate through the flow meter and recalculating the flow estimate based on a Reynolds number for the new flow rate. Optionally, the method may include estimating a phase fraction of the fluid in the well bore based on a comparison of the density measurements and fluid properties. In an alternative example, a new discharge coefficient is determined for the flow meter based on the new flow rate. Alternatively, a flow rate for each phase fraction of the fluid in the well bore can be estimated again by multiplying the flow estimate with the phase fraction of the fluid. The flow meter can be a venturi meter, a flow orifice meter or a flow nozzle meter. Multiple flow meters can be provided in a single well hole.
    In an example of the method disclosed here, the fluid is sampled and analyzed under conditions such as pressure, temperature and / or volume that can vary over time. Fluid analysis can include obtaining fluid properties, such as density, viscosity, gas-to-oil ratio, and formation volume factor under different conditions. Furthermore, when the fluid includes more than one physical phase, for example, liquid and / or gas, the fluid properties of each phase are measured. The liquid can include • inherent fluid having hydrocarbons and in some situations, water as well. Additional examples of liquids include drilling fluids and well bore treatment fluids. In one example, tables are created by correlating the raw data for each type of fluid property with its corresponding pressure and temperature. From the tables, polynomial expressions can be derived that model the data with varying fluid conditions. Expressions can be a first, second, third, fourth or fifth order polynomial.
    Brief description of the drawings
    Some of the aspects and benefits of the present invention having been declared, others will become evident as the description proceeds when observed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
    Figure 1 is a partial side cutout view of a tool sampling the fluid in a well bore.
    Figure 2 is a side cut-away view of one embodiment of a flow measurement system.
    Figures 3A-3C are partial sectional views of exemplary flowmeter modalities.
    Figures 4A and 4B are schematic of an exemplary method of using a flow meter.
    It will be understood that the improvement described here is not limited to the modalities provided. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications and equivalents, as may be included within the spirit and scope of the improvement as defined by the appended claims.
    Detailed description of the invention
    The present invention will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention can be represented, however, in many different forms and should not be interpreted as limited 10 to the illustrated modalities presented here; preferably, these modalities are provided so that this disclosure is complete and complete and fully transmits the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Similar numbers refer to similar elements throughout. For convenience in referring to accompanying figures, direct terms are used for reference and illustration only. For example, directional terms such as top, bottom, top, bottom and so on are being used to illustrate a relational location.
    It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the exact details of construction, operation, exact materials or modalities shown and described, since modifications and equivalents will be evident to one skilled in the art. In the drawings and descriptive report, illustrative modalities of the invention were revealed and, although specific terms are used, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for the purpose of limitation. Thus, the invention is, therefore, to be limited only by the scope of the appended claims.
    In figure 1, a partial side sectional view is shown of a drilling instrument 10 disposed within a well hole 5 to sample fluid 7 in well hole 5. Fluid 7 from well hole can include fluids used during drilling or completion, the fluid of a formation 6 through which the well hole 5 is formed or combinations of these fluids. Although shown disposed on the steel cable 12, the drilling instrument 10 can be disposed in the pipeline, thin line, perforation column / 16 or any other method of inserting / retrieving a drilling instrument from inside a hole. Fluid 7 can be sampled by the probing instrument 10 through an orifice 14 that can be selectively opened in fluid communication with a sample tank 16 armed5 in the probing instrument 10. Sampling fluid 7 with the probing instrument 10 it can happen before or after fluids are produced from the well bore 5. Sample tank 16 can be sealed after sampling the fluid for subsequent analysis. Analysis of the fluid 7 stored in the sample tank 16 can take place on the surface, such as in a laboratory. Furthermore, the sample tank 16 can be sealed to maintain the sampled fluid at pressure and / or temperature when sampled, so that more accurate analysis results can be obtained. Optionally, fluid 7 from the well hole can be sampled by delivering fluid 7 to a well head 18 represented above the well hole 5. A production line with valves 20 can be used to sample the fluid from the well head 18. The production tubing (not shown) can carry fluid 7 to wellhead 18 from inside wellbore 5.
    Figure 2 illustrates schematically in a side sectional view, a flow measurement system 30 arranged in the well hole 5. The flow measurement system 30 can be arranged in the well hole 5 after sampling the fluid 7 with the drilling instrument 10 (figure 1). The system 30 of figure 2 includes an inlet line 32 that delivers fluid 7 from the well hole to a trapped flow meter 34. The outlet tubing 36 is shown connected at one end of the flow meter 34 opposite the inlet tubing 34 and ending in a wellhead assembly 38 above the well bore 5. The outlet tubing 36 is in fluid communication with the flowmeter 34 and the wellhead assembly 38 at its opposite end, so that the flow within the inlet pipe 32 is directed to the wellhead assembly 38. In one embodiment, the inlet and outlet pipe 32, 36 includes the production piping used in the production of fluid 7 from well bore 5.
    7/16
    In an exemplary embodiment, fluid 7 from the well bore flows through flow meter 34 and experiences a temporary pressure drop in flow meter 34. Pressure drop can be estimated by monitoring fluid conditions, such as pressure and / or temperature. A sensor 40 represented approximately at the inlet of the flow meter 34 of figure 2 can measure the pressure and / or temperature of the fluid 7 of the well hole that enters the flow meter 34. Optionally, the sensor 40 can be placed in the inlet pipe 32, exactly at the entrance of flow meter 34 or inside flow meter 34. Another sensor 42 is shown provided along flow meter 34 which can also be used to measure pressure and / or temperature. Shown in figure 2, <sensor 42 is approximately in the central section of flow meter 34; however, depending on the type of flow meter 34 used, sensor 42 could be located at different points along flow meter 34. For example, sensor 42 can be strategically positioned, so that comparison 15 of the respective pressure measurements of sensors 40 , 42 can produce a pressure drop measurement through the entire flow meter 34 or through a portion of the flow meter 34.
    An additional sensor 44 is illustrated in the outlet pipe 36 between the flow meter 34 and the wellhead assembly 38. Optionally, an upstream sensor 45 can be included as shown in the inlet pipe 32 and separate from the flow meter 34. Exemplary distances between flow meter 34 and sensors 44, 45 include approximately 30.48 cm (1 foot), 152.40 cm (5 feet), 304.8 cm (10 feet), 1524 cm (50 feet), 30.48 m (100 feet), 45.72 m (150 feet), 60.96 m (200 feet), 76.2 m (250 feet), 91.44 m (300 feet), 25 106.68 m (350 feet) , 121.92 (400 feet), 152.4 m (500 feet) and distance between these values. Sensors 44, 45 can be used to measure pressure, temperature and / or density. Sensors 40, 42, 44, 45 can include piezoelectric devices, thermal pairs, densitometers, any other device for measuring pressure, temperature, fluid density, or other fluid properties and combinations thereof. Exemplary densitometers include the type of radiation as well as the type of capacitive inductance. The sensors 40, 42, 44, 45 can be in direct contact with the fluid 7,
    8/16 connect to probes that extend into the fluid or couple to a barrier on the opposite side to the fluid 7.
    In an example of using the flow measurement system in figure 2, a pressure differential between flow meter 34 and sensor 44 can be estimated by monitoring pressure values obtained from sensors 40,
    42, 44. The mass density of fluid 7 flowing through meter 34 can be derived from the difference (s) in elevation (or depth) between sensors 40, 42, 44 and the differences in corresponding pressures as measured by sensors 40, 42, 44. In an alternative modality, sen10 sor 44 directly measures the mass density of fluid 7. The expression in / equation 1.0 can be used to measure the density of fluid 7 flowing through the meter. In an alternate example, measurements from sensor 45 can be used to estimate fluid density 7.
    Pmeasured
    Calculate fluid density f remote.cor
    PPL + ΔΗj r j c · + · & H accet rvf)
    w ) l) (Eq. 1.0)
    Where:
    np - (P _p 4. h lhroal, color V * inlet * ihroal fm, s tatic 1 • DP ra note, color G ^ inlet ^ remote ^^ remote ^ latic) = (o.436-0.86 / + 0.59 ^ 2 ) (without dimension) (Eq. 1.1);
    (Eq. 1.2);
    (Eq. 1.3);
    4 # (Cj 2 (lP *) (D ™,. / (Without dimension) (Eq. 1.4);
    acce i (iA) D.
    nlet j __j remole) (without dimension) (Eq. 1.5);
    and
    Where:
    β is known as the beta factor and is typically provided by the flowmeter manufacturer;
    9/16
    DVT is the true vertical depth;
    f is the friction factor and
    L is the distance measured between the flowmeter input and the remote location.
    Equation 1.0 considers the potential energy of the fluid, also referred to here as the static head, by including the true vertical depth of the fluid being measured. Also, kinetic energy is considered considering dynamic losses through friction and acceleration.
    The gas fraction of fluid 7 flowing through flow meter 34 * can be estimated from the measured mass density (equation 1.0) of the sampled fluid. Equation 2.0 provides an example of determining a value for the gas volume fraction (GVF).
    GVF = [Po Pmeasured) <P 0 - Pg) (Eq. 2.0)
    With access to a data table or polynomial model, values for oil density (p 0 ) and gas density (p g ) are obtained that correspond to the measured pressure and temperature.
    A mass flow rate through flow meter 34 can be calculated using equation 3.0 provided below.
    Qbulk ~ tintei ^ Ihroaf)
    Pmeasured (Eq. 3.0)
    Where a 2 is the area in the throat (where the diameter is narrower 20 in the flow meter) and Cd is the discharge coefficient. Here, the discharge coefficient is set to a static value of 0.995; however, as described in more detail below, subsequent iterations will use a variable C d value depending on the fluid's Reynolds number.
    Exemplary flowmeters are shown in partial side view 25 in figures 3A-3C. The flow meter 34A shown in figure 3A represents a venturi type flow meter with an internal diameter d! inside the meter 34A which is smaller than the diameter of the inlet Dv The flow meter 34B provided in figure 3B represents an orifice type flow meter, having a disc 46 provided perpendicularly in the fluid flow path and a hole 48 in the disc 46. The diameter of the orifice is less than the inlet diameter D 1 of the flow meter 34B. In figure 3C, flowmeter 34C represents a type of flowmeter nozzle similar to the venturi type flowmeter in figure 3A, but having a smoother transition between the inlet and inner diameters Di, φ. As is known, the diameter reduced in di increases the fluid velocity temporarily to produce a corresponding pressure drop within the flow meter. Measuring pressure drop 10 can produce a flow rate through the meter.
    w In one example, the volumetric flow through flow meter 34 is estimated based on the drop in fluid flow pressure inside flow meter 34. A difference between the pressures measured by sensor 40 and sensor 42 and the corresponding inlet and inner diameters of the 15 flow meter can be used to deduce a flow rate Q through flow meter 34. The relationship between pressure drop and inlet / internal diameter Di, di is dependent on the type of flow meter used. Those skilled in the art are able to identify an appropriate pressure drop and diameter correlation to obtain a flow rate Q.
    From the mass flow rate Qmassa above, if the fluid includes more than one phase, the volumetric flow rates for each phase can be determined. In the example where the fluid includes gas and oil, the mass flow rate of the oil Q o = (1-GVF) xQ mass (Eq. 4.1) and the mass flow rate of the gas Q g = GVFxQ ma ssa (Eq 4.2).
    Inaccuracies due to the slip effect can distort the flow measurements of biphasic fluid taken with a flow meter. The slip effect is caused by the mixture of vapor and liquid in the fluid that produces a phenomenon called here as excessive reading. Changes in vapor density with pressure also introduce inaccuracies in the measurement of fluid flow. The precise calculation of the mass flow involves correcting the differential pressure measurement for the effect of gas compression and slip effects. In one mode, the
    11/16 The present method uses a modified form of De Leeuw's correction to compensate for these effects. This includes first determining the Froude number (Fr), which can be found for each phase in the fluid.
    (Eq.5.1) (Eq. 5.2)
    Where v s , θ v sg are the surface velocity respectively for oil and gas.
    (Eq. 5.3)
    Where:
    (Eq. 5.4)
    D n is the mean diameter of the flow where the fluid is being evaluated, for example, at the inlet, throat or downstream and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.81 m / s 2 (32.174 ft / s 2 )).
    Using the Froude values obtained above, the effect of the slip between the gas and liquid phases can be evaluated using the Lockhart-Martinelli X number, the relationship for which it is found in equation 6.0.
    (Eq. 6.0)
    When the fluid being measured is a fluid within the well bore, fluid densities can be obtained using pressure and temperature readings. The gas can be considered as methane, while liquids can initially be collected and evaluated during drilling. Analysis of liquids collected during drilling can provide an initial estimate of the density of the liquid in the well bore. During the time
    12/16 Since flow meter 34 is in use at the bottom of the well, fluids can be collected and analyzed on the surface to correct changes in the composition of the liquid that affect the properties of the fluid. With the knowledge of the LM number, the over-reading value can be calculated using equations 7.1 and 7.2 below:
    Excessive reading; F _
    (Eq.7.1)
    c = UL +
    Metric density of the ratio; < Pg '^ p °' where: n = 0.41 for 0.5 <Fr g <1.5 and (Eq.7.2) n = 0.606 (1 - and - ° · 746 ^) for Frg> 1.5
    The mass flow rate Q maS sa can be compensated for the slip effect by dividing it with the excessive reading factor φ.
    (Eq. 8.0)
    As mentioned above, the present method includes an optional iteration based on the Reynolds number of the fluid entering the flow meter. The Reynolds number represents the ratio of a fluid moment or inertia to viscosity-based forces acting on the fluid. A value for the Reynolds number can be obtained from equation 9.0 below.
    Re = 1488 uD p (Eq. 9.0) where
    Reynolds number at the flowmeter inlet u flow rate at the flowmeter inlet = Qmassa /
    The entrance
    Q flow rate as measured by the flow meter
    The cross-sectional area at the entrance of the flow meter
    Nput diameter D and the flow meter inlet w density of the fluid of the fluid viscosity μ
    13/16
    It was found that the function by which the flow model coefficients relate to the Reynolds number may vary for different ranges than the Reynolds number. Table 1 below provides a listing of the functions related to the discharge coefficient C d and the corresponding range of Reynolds numbers to which the function is applicable.
    C d '= ü Re = 0 C d = 0.1432 log Re +0.4653 0 <Re <2,000 C d = 0.03375 log Re +0.8266 2,000 <Re <120,000 C d = —0.013511ogRe +1.0666 120,000 <Re <200,000 C d = 1,015 Re> 200,000
    Table 1
    To compensate for the dynamically variable value of the discharge coefficient with a change in the Reynolds number, the new mass flow rate Q ma ss, again θ multiplied by the updated Cd in table 1.
    Qmassa, new2 = C d - Qmassa, novol (Eq · 10.0)
    The volume fraction of the fluid gas affects how much a flow measurement is displaced by the slip effect. This is considered when determining a flow rate of compensated volumetric mass for oil and gas. As shown in equation 11.0 below, if the gas volume fraction is greater than 50%, the new gas flow rate is found by multiplying the gas volume fraction by the flow rate found in equation 10.0. If the gas volume fraction is less than or equal to 50%, the new gas flow rate is found by multiplying the gas volume fraction by the flow rate found in equation 3.0 and the discharge coefficient C d ( equation 11.1).
    (Eq. 11.0) (Eq. 11.1) (Eq. 11.2)
    The flow rate of the oil to the surface Q o , surface can be obtained by dividing Q 0 , new by the volume factor of oil formation B o . As mentioned above, B o can be obtained by accessing the sampled fluid data taken at known pressure and temperature. The equation 12.0 ifGVF> 50%: Q g ^ r = GVF.Q bttlkmw2 ifGVF <50%: Q gt „ m = GVF.Q bulk , C d
    Qo.new = 0 ~ GVF) Q bldknm2
    14/16 below illustrates an example of how a value for the oil flow rate to the surface Q o , surface can be determined.
    (Eq. 12.0)
    The determination of the amount of gas flowing to the surface can be found by multiplying the value of the oil flow rate to the surface and the difference between the ratio of the gas and oil produced at the bottom of the well and the ratio of the gas and oil produced at the surface . An example of this is shown in equation 13.0 below.
    Escape, ~ (GORs - GORp). Qo, surface (Eq. 13.0)
    The sum of the values of equations 11.0 or 11.1 and 13.0 provides a value for the total rate of the volumetric gas on the surface. This is provided in equation 14.0 below.
    Qg, surface ~ Qg.new + Qg, exhaust

    Figures 4A and 4B show an exemplary method of an algorithm to measure the flow of fluid at the bottom using a standard flow meter. With the flow meter arranged in a well hole and within a fluid flow current, pressure and temperature are measured from the fluid flow current (step 410). The fluid is sampled from the well bore, both at the bottom of the well and at the surface of the well and the properties of the fluid are determined with respect to variable pressure and / or temperature (step 412). Fluid properties include gas and oil ratio and density, viscosity and fraction of the formation volume for each phase in the fluid (step 414). The total density of the fluid is calculated using flowmeter measurements (step 416) and the fraction of the gas volume is calculated from the calculated density (step 418). A mass flow rate is calculated using a flowmeter dependent equation (step 420). From the fraction of the gas volume of step 418 and the mass flow rate of step 420, the volumetric flow rate of the gas and oil can be calculated (step 422). To consider the slip in the polyphasic flow, the excessive reading is calculated (step 424) and the rate
    15/16 mass flow is compensated due to the calculated excessive reading (step 426) to obtain a new mass flow rate. A new Reynolds number and discharge coefficient Cd (table 1) are calculated based on the new mass flow rate (step 428). The flow rate is compensated with the new discharge coefficient (step 430) to obtain another new flow rate. Referring now to figure 4B, oil and gas fractions are determined from the flow rate of step 430 (step 432). Volumetric flows of gas and oil are decreased to account for flow to the surface (steps 434, 436). With the use of reduced gas flows and new gas flow from step 432, a total volumetric flow of gas to the surface is determined (step 438).
    In one example over an approximately 18-day period, oil and gas flow rates were measured on the surface of a well that was producing a polyphasic fluid. During the same time, the flow in the well hole was measured using a flow meter disposed in the well. The flows measured for oil and gas were determined from the flowmeter data using a prior art method and the method in figure 4. The prior art method used a venturi flowmeter and a manometer above or below the flowmeter. The density was found through a hydrostatic drop measurement, but the calculation of the fluid density did not correct losses due to friction or acceleration. Furthermore, the prior art method assumed a zero gas fraction at the bottom of the well and relied on equations 4.1 and 4.2 above to estimate gas and oil fractions. Results from the prior art method found an oil flow measured at the surface that ranged from approximately 4900 to slightly less than 4000 standard barrels per day. The prior art flowmeter method measured from approximately 5100 to approximately 5000 standard barrels per day. The gas flow measured at the surface ranged from approximately 7800 to approximately 8200 MMSCF / D. The prior art flowmeter method was unable to detect gas flow and returned essentially zero flow values. The method of figure 4
    16/16 produced oil flows ranging from just below 4500 to approximately 3900 standard barrels per day and gas flow rates from approximately 9800 to approximately 7500 MMSCF / D. Thus, unlike the prior art method, the algorithm of the present disclosure allows measurements of biphasic flow at the bottom of the well using standard flowmeters. It should also be noted that the results were also more accurate with an increasing percentage of gas in the flow. Thus, the present method has additional application for use in measuring the flow of wet gas.
    The present invention described here, therefore, is well adapted to carry out the objectives and achieve the mentioned purposes and advantages, as well as others inherent to it. Although a currently preferred embodiment of the invention has been provided for disclosure purposes, numerous changes exist in the details of the procedures to achieve the desired results. For example, the method disclosed here may include more than one flow meter in a well bore 5. Multiple flow meters can measure the fluid in the same production zone, such as in series, or they can measure the flow of different production zones. Flow meters can be supplied in separate columns from the production piping. In addition, the present method can be used in a well 5 hole in which gas and / or condensate is being injected. Such and other similar modifications will appear promptly to those skilled in the art and should be encompassed within the spirit of the present invention disclosed herein and the scope of the appended claims. Although the invention has been shown in only one of its forms, it should be evident to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible to various changes without departing from the scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    1. Method of estimating the flow rate of fluid with a flow meter, characterized by the fact that it comprises:
    (a) direct a flow current through the flow meter and estimate a mass density of the flow current;
    (b) estimate respective amounts of gas and liquid flow in the flow stream based on the estimate of mass density and fluid properties that make up the flow stream;
    (c) estimate an excessive reading error on the flowmeter based on the quantities of gas and liquid flow from step (b) and properties of the fluid that make up the flow current;
    (d) re-estimate the quantities of gas and liquid flow from step (b) using the estimated excessive reading error; and (e) re-estimating the quantities of the gas and liquid flow from step (d) using a flowmeter discharge coefficient based on a fraction of the gas volume of the re-estimated quantities of the gas and liquid flow from step (d);
    further comprising estimating a Reynolds number for a combination of the gas and liquid flow of step (d), in which the discharge coefficient of step (e) is based on the Reynolds number; and when the fraction of the gas volume is greater than 50%, the reestimated gas flow of step (e) is obtained by multiplying the discharge coefficient by the gas flow of step (d) and when the fraction of the gas gas volume is less than or equal to 50%, the reestimated gas flow of step (e) is obtained by multiplying the discharge coefficient by the gas flow of step (b).
    [2]
    2/2 the fact that it still comprises estimating a mass flow rate of the flow current based on the estimate of the mass density and properties of the fluid that make up the flow current.
    2. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it still comprises sampling the fluid from the flow current, analyzing the sampled fluid and deriving the properties of the fluid that make up the flow current for a range of pressure and temperature with based on the analysis.
    [3]
    3. Method according to claim 1, characterized by the
    Petition 870190008123, of 01/25/2019, p. 6/11
    [4]
    4. Method, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that it still comprises reestimating a mass flow rate of the flow current based on the reestimation of the gas and liquid flow of step (d).
    [5]
    5. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the flow meter is arranged in a tubular of the well hole and the flow of current leaves the flow meter into the tubular and is transported to a wellhead on the surface.
    [6]
    6. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it still comprises estimating an amount of phase change from liquid to gas in the flow current between the flow meter and the wellhead based on a property of the fluid it composes the flow current.
    [7]
    7. Method, according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that it also comprises estimating respective rates of gas flow and flow of liquid in the flow stream at the wellhead based on the amount of phase change from liquid to gas.
    [8]
    8. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the mass density of step (a) is based on the static drop of the fluid over a vertical distance and flow losses of the dynamic fluid in the flow meter.
    [9]
    9. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it still comprises detecting pressure in selected locations from the list consisting of along the flowmeter, downstream of the flowmeter, upstream of the flowmeter and their combinations.
    [10]
    10. Method, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the flow meter is a venturi type flow meter.
    Petition 870190008123, of 01/25/2019, p. 7/11
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    BR112012003282B1|2019-04-02|FLOW DRAW RATE ESTIMATE METHOD WITH A FLOWMETER.
    BRPI0913194B1|2020-12-29|method for measuring multiphase flow
    US7987733B2|2011-08-02|Determination of density for metering a fluid flow
    US9347310B2|2016-05-24|Multiphase flowmeter for subsea applications
    US8606531B2|2013-12-10|System and method for spot check analysis or spot sampling of a multiphase mixture flowing in a pipeline
    CA2819818C|2016-06-28|In-well full-bore multiphase flowmeter for horizontal wellbores
    BRPI1104205B1|2020-11-03|apparatus for use in determining a plurality of characteristics of a multiphase flow within a pipe
    BRPI0923110B1|2021-08-17|METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASUREMENT OF MOIST GAS FLOW AND MEASUREMENT OF GAS PROPERTIES
    ES2243334T3|2005-12-01|IMPROVED PROCEDURE AND APPLIANCE TO PREACH THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A FLUID IN A WELL DRILLING.
    BR112017006134B1|2021-07-13|PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS WITH TEST SEPARATOR
    BR112016007273B1|2020-12-29|method for determining flows of a mixture of multiple components and device for determining flows of a mixture of multiple components in a pipe
    BR112014029471B1|2021-06-29|METHOD TO DETERMINE A GAS VOLUME FRACTION OF A MULTIPHASE WELLBOARD FLUID AND FLOW METER
    US20180245463A1|2018-08-30|Method for determining a water cut of an oil-water mixture produced from an oil well
    Zheng et al.2016|Error analysis of gas and liquid flow rates metering method based on differential pressure in wet gas
    BR112016007272B1|2021-01-05|method for determining flows of a mixture of multiple components and device for determining flows of a mixture of multiple components in a pipe
    Li et al.2017|Mass flowrate measurement of wet steam using combined V-cone and vortex flowmeters
    US20110252893A1|2011-10-20|Device for measuring rates in individual phases of a multiphase flow
    US11280141B2|2022-03-22|Virtual multiphase flowmeter system
    US20210025740A1|2021-01-28|Virtual Multiphase Flowmeter System
    CN111535798B|2020-11-10|Metering method of steam metering system
    BR112020021776A2|2021-02-23|improved flow measurement
    CN105466505A|2016-04-06|Content analyzing apparatus
    Kerr1999|How to measure downhole steam quality using a thermocouple and a non-condensible gas
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    NO344772B1|2020-04-20|
    GB2485313B|2017-06-28|
    RU2012109105A|2013-09-20|
    GB2485313A|2012-05-09|
    RU2544180C2|2015-03-10|
    US20110040485A1|2011-02-17|
    GB201202024D0|2012-03-21|
    WO2011020017A3|2011-05-26|
    MY159321A|2016-12-30|
    AU2010282333A1|2012-02-23|
    AU2010282333B2|2014-11-27|
    NO20120102A1|2012-02-15|
    ECSP12011670A|2012-06-29|
    US8620611B2|2013-12-31|
    WO2011020017A2|2011-02-17|
    BR112012003282A2|2016-03-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4312234A|1980-05-12|1982-01-26|Alberta Oil Sands Technology And Research Authority|Two-phase flowmeter|
    NO300437B1|1994-11-09|1997-05-26|Jon Steinar Gudmundsson|Method for determining flow rate in a fluid stream, in particular a two-phase stream|
    US6253624B1|1998-01-13|2001-07-03|Rosemount Inc.|Friction flowmeter|
    US20030019301A1|1999-01-13|2003-01-30|Andrew Richards|Flow monitoring apparatus|
    TW421710B|1999-04-13|2001-02-11|Inst Of Nuclear Energy Res Roc|Method and device for bi-directional low-velocity flow measurement|
    GB0017840D0|2000-07-21|2000-09-06|Bg Intellectual Pty Ltd|A meter for the measurement of multiphase fluids and wet glass|
    GB2399641B|2003-03-18|2005-08-31|Schlumberger Holdings|Method and apparatus for determining the gas flow rate of a gas-liquid mixture|
    US7117717B2|2003-12-12|2006-10-10|Invensys Systems, Inc.|Densitometer with pulsing pressure|
    NO320172B1|2004-02-27|2005-11-07|Roxar Flow Measurement As|Flow templates and methods for painting individual quantities of gas, hydrocarbon liquid and water in a fluid mixture|
    GB2437904B|2005-03-04|2009-08-05|Schlumberger Holdings|Method and apparatus for measuring the flow rates of the individual phases of a multiphase fluid mixture|
    CN101384884B|2006-02-15|2011-10-12|罗斯蒙德公司|Multiphasic overreading correction in a process variable transmitter|
    WO2008011587A2|2006-07-21|2008-01-24|Invensys Systems, Inc.|Multi-phase coriolis flowmeter|
    US7654155B2|2006-09-19|2010-02-02|Weatherford/Lamb, Inc.|Wet-gas flowmeter|
    GB2454256B|2007-11-03|2011-01-19|Schlumberger Holdings|Determination of density and flowrate for metering a fluid flow|EP2522997B1|2011-05-13|2014-01-29|Vetco Gray Controls Limited|Monitoring hydrocarbon fluid flow|
    US9903200B2|2011-07-19|2018-02-27|Baker Hughes, A Ge Company, Llc|Viscosity measurement in a fluid analyzer sampling tool|
    US9617833B2|2012-06-22|2017-04-11|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Evaluating fluid flow in a wellbore|
    US10077997B2|2012-07-24|2018-09-18|Haimo Technologies Group Corp.|Wet gas flow measuring method and apparatus|
    GB2509108A|2012-12-20|2014-06-25|Taylor Hobson Ltd|Method and apparatus for flow measurement|
    US9367653B2|2013-08-27|2016-06-14|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Proppant transport model for well system fluid flow simulations|
    EP2848900A1|2013-09-16|2015-03-18|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft|Differential-pressure flowmeter and method of determining a flow rate|
    US10119396B2|2014-02-18|2018-11-06|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Measuring behind casing hydraulic conductivity between reservoir layers|
    CA2943538C|2014-05-02|2020-02-18|Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.|Model for one-dimensional temperature distribution calculations for a fluid in a wellbore|
    CN104196518A|2014-07-02|2014-12-10|中国石油大学|Device and method for measuring slippage among gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase in shaft annulus|
    NO343025B1|2014-12-23|2018-10-08|Resman As|Procedure and apparatus for online monitoring of tracers|
    US10392922B2|2015-01-13|2019-08-27|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Measuring inter-reservoir cross flow rate between adjacent reservoir layers from transient pressure tests|
    US10180057B2|2015-01-21|2019-01-15|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Measuring inter-reservoir cross flow rate through unintended leaks in zonal isolation cement sheaths in offset wells|
    US10094202B2|2015-02-04|2018-10-09|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Estimating measures of formation flow capacity and phase mobility from pressure transient data under segregated oil and water flow conditions|
    CN104763409B|2015-03-03|2017-08-01|西安威盛电子科技股份有限公司|A kind of oil downhole flow measurement apparatus and measuring method|
    US10101194B2|2015-12-31|2018-10-16|General Electric Company|System and method for identifying and recovering from a temporary sensor failure|
    RU2625130C1|2016-03-10|2017-07-11|Публичное Акционерное Общество "Нефтеавтоматика"|Method for determining the proportion of free and dissolved gas in crude oil at metering stations|
    US10401207B2|2016-09-14|2019-09-03|GE Oil & Gas UK, Ltd.|Method for assessing and managing sensor uncertainties in a virtual flow meter|
    GB2581446A|2017-11-13|2020-08-19|Landmark Graphics Corp|Simulating fluid production using a reservoir model and a tubing model|
    US10890480B2|2018-02-07|2021-01-12|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Systems and methods for finding and solving wet gas venturi meter problems in real-time|
    WO2019209344A1|2018-04-27|2019-10-31|Landmark Graphics Corporation|System for determining mud density with dissolved environmental material|
    US20190330971A1|2018-04-27|2019-10-31|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Electrical submersible pump with a flowmeter|
    WO2020027766A1|2018-07-30|2020-02-06|Schlumberger Technology Corporation|Formation fluid analysis apparatus and related methods|
    US11125058B2|2019-09-13|2021-09-21|Silverwell Technology Ltd|Method of wellbore operations|
    DE102019135320A1|2019-12-19|2021-06-24|Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag|Method for measuring the flow of a medium on the basis of a differential pressure measurement|
    US11193370B1|2020-06-05|2021-12-07|Saudi Arabian Oil Company|Systems and methods for transient testing of hydrocarbon wells|
    US20210381867A1|2020-06-05|2021-12-09|Weatherford Technology Holdings, Llc|Flow rate optimizer|
    法律状态:
    2018-11-27| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-01-15| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-03-06| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-04-02| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/08/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 13/08/2010, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US23371109P| true| 2009-08-13|2009-08-13|
    US61/233,711|2009-08-13|
    US12/851,322|US8620611B2|2009-08-13|2010-08-05|Method of measuring multi-phase fluid flow downhole|
    US12/851,322|2010-08-05|
    PCT/US2010/045469|WO2011020017A2|2009-08-13|2010-08-13|Method of measuring multi-phase fluid flow downhole|
    [返回顶部]